Effectiveness of smartphone app-based interventions after surgery on quality of recovery among cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background Postoperative recovery in patients with cancer is a complex process that influences quality of life, functional recovery, and mental well-being. Smartphone app-based interventions have emerged as potential tools for improving various aspects of health and well-being in cancer patients. However, the existing literature lacks a consensus on the efficacy of these interventions, leading to conflicting outcomes. Methods We searched multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, EMBASE, and MEDLINE Complete (EBSCO). We exclusively selected randomized controlled trials meeting the inclusion criteria for our systematic review and meta-analysis. Utilizing a random-effects model, we derived the pooled effect size estimates for the meta-analysis. Where applicable, we calculated the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). The Cochrane Collaboration tool (Cochrane ROB) was used to evaluate bias in randomized trials. The primary outcome was the quality of life. The secondary outcomes were psychological symptoms, health conditions, satisfaction, and self-efficacy. Results Of 731 screened articles, 15 were included, comprising 1,831 participants. Our meta-analysis revealed that app-based interventions potentially improved quality of life (SMD = −0.58, 95% CI −1.00 to −0.16), alleviated psychological symptoms (SMD = −0.43, 95% CI −0.72,−0.15; p = .003), and enhanced self-efficacy (SMD = 0.90, 95% CI 0.26 to 1.53; p = 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant effect on satisfaction (SMD = 1.25, 95% CI-1.06 to 3.57; p = 0.23). Conclusions Our findings suggest that mobile health apps hold promise in improving the well-being of cancer patients after surgery by enhancing their quality of life, health status, and self-efficacy, while also reducing anxiety and depression.