Effectiveness of Ringworm Cassia and Turmeric Plant Extracts on Growth Inhibition against Some Important Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Porntip Wongkaew,Wantana Sinsiri

doi:10.4236/ajps.2014.55076

Abstract

Crude plant extracts of ringworm cassia, Cassia alata L. and turmeric, Curcuma longa L. were prepared by either hot water or organic solvents such as ethanol and ether. Various concentrations of the crude extract were then subjected to an in vitro test for their effectiveness on mycelia growth inhibition against some important plant pathogenic fungi such as Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum fsp. lycopersici, Sclerotium rolfsii, Phytophthora infestans and Pythium sp. in comparison to commercial fungicides such as copper oxychloride and mancozeb. Reduction of the fungal growth was significantly obtained with C. longa extracts and the best median effective inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 6.07, 6.50 and 7.13 mg/ml was from the ethanol extract for S. rolfsii, C. gloeosporioides and F. oxysporum fsp. lycopersici respectively. While all extracts from C. alata were almost the least effective against these fungi. The efficacy of C. longa extracts therefore, provided an alternative regime for the control of the fungal diseases and a promising appreciable choice for a replacement of chemical fungicides.

Highlights

The plant striking fungi as the tomato leaf spot fungus, Alternaria alternata, the anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the tomato wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum fsp. lycopersici, the crown and root rot fungus Sclerotium rolfsii, the tomato late blight fungus Phytophthora infestans and the crown and root rot fungus Pythium sp. are among major destructive pathogens that cause severe losses of economic crops throughout the world
The most common practice in controlling the plant pathogenic fungi is through the use of chemical fungicides
The potentiality of crude extracts from C. alata and C. longa were investigated for their mycelia growth inhibition activity against six important plant pathogenic fungi, Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum fsp. lycopersici, Sclerotium rolfsii, Phytophthora infestans and Pythium sp

Summary

Introduction

The plant striking fungi as the tomato leaf spot fungus, Alternaria alternata, the anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, the tomato wilt fungus Fusarium oxysporum fsp. lycopersici, the crown and root rot fungus Sclerotium rolfsii, the tomato late blight fungus Phytophthora infestans and the crown and root rot fungus Pythium sp. are among major destructive pathogens that cause severe losses of economic crops throughout the world. The most common practice in controlling the plant pathogenic fungi is through the use of chemical fungicides. Many of them are not readily biodegradable and tend to persist for a long period in the area applied. They are well known for their adverse genetic effects, causing morphological and physiological abnormalities in test animals that led to an indication for their deteriorating human health capability. They are considerably expensive for general farmers in developing countries. Development of an alternative material is must be intensified to fulfill the growing demand for high quality antifungal agents, environment friendly and affordable practice

Methods

Results

Conclusion