Effectiveness of Riboflavin and Rose Bengal Photosensitizer Modified Adhesive Resin for Orthodontic Bonding.

Ali Alqerban

doi:10.3390/ph14010048

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of riboflavin (RF) and Rose Bengal (RB) photosensitizer modified adhesive resin on the degree of conversion (DC), and antimicrobial capacity after bonded to tooth surface. Different concentrations of RB and RF were prepared by homogenization method. An ultraviolet light source A (UVA) (375 nm wavelength, 3 mW/cm2 power) was used for 30 min irradiation. FTIR was performed for control and test adhesives to analyze the DC. Antibacterial testing was performed using the MTT assay. Metal brackets were bonded using the modified adhesives and subjected for SEM examination. The surfaces of teeth and metal brackets were examined at ×10 magnification for assessing adhesive remnant index (ARI) after PDT, 24 h and thermocycling. For DC, control group, 0.1% RB and RF after PDT showed the highest value. SEM imaging indicated lowest growth of Streptococcus mutans over 0.5% of RB-PDT and RF-PDT as compared to the control group. The MTT assay outcomes reported that the activity of S. mutans substantially decreased with the addition of a high amount of either RB or RF (p < 0.01). Mean ARI scores showed a significant difference between all groups. This study concluded that 0.1% of either RB or RF after PDT can be used for bonding orthodontic brackets to the tooth surface with substantial antibacterial properties.

Highlights

With the advancement of dentistry and patient knowledge, orthodontic therapy has gained popularity amongst the general population
Rose Bengal (RB) or RF after photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be used for bonding orthodontic brackets to the tooth surface with substantial antibacterial properties
According to the data obtained after a comprehensive literature review, the present invitro experiment is said to be a novel study as it focused on orthodontic resin modification using RB and Rf with different concentrations (0.1% and 0.5%) after incorporating PDT to assess its effect on properties such as degree of conversion (DC), antimicrobial capacity and adhesive remnant index (ARI), respectively

Summary

Introduction

With the advancement of dentistry and patient knowledge, orthodontic therapy has gained popularity amongst the general population. The therapy is done to provide treatment for misaligned teeth that involves the use of orthodontic wires and brackets. Orthodontic treatment assists in creating skeletal and dental improvement, this treatment modality is responsible for creating an environment that favors bacterial growth [3,4,5]. The factors responsible for the increased development of bacterial biofilm include the application of orthodontic appliances close to the soft tissue structures, malaligned teeth, and improper oral hygiene maintenance [6]. The abundance of bacterial biofilm can lead to the development of oral health problems that include plaque-induced gingivitis, white spot lesions, and oral malodor (bad breath) [7,8,9,10]. The most common treatment modality used to tackle this problem addresses the repeated application of scalers (manual or ultrasonic)

Objectives

Discussion

Conclusion