Abstract
Enquadramento: O papel da reabilitação no equilíbrio, marcha e independência funcional (EMIF), afigura-se relevante na prevenção do declínio funcional do idoso hospitalizado. Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade de um programa de exercícios de enfermagem de reabilitação (PEER) no EMIF em idosos hospitalizados. Metodologia: Estudo pré-experimental de grupo único com pré-pós teste, em amostra não probabilística por conveniência, em 40 idosos internados num serviço de medicina interna. A intervenção consiste na implementação diária de um PEER multicomponente criado para o efeito. O questionário inclui uma secção de caracterização sociodemográfica e clínica, Medida de Independência Funcional e teste de Tinetti. Resultados: Após sete sessões do PEER observou-se variação positiva significativa de 45% na média de valores de equilíbrio (p < 0,001), de 48,8% na marcha (p < 0,001) e de 15,5% na independência funcional (p < 0,001), revelando a eficácia do programa. Conclusão: O PEER parece ser efetivo na melhoria e restabelecimento do EMIF dos idosos hospitalizados, sugerindo-se a sua aplicação diária e sistematizada nesta população.
Highlights
Population aging is becoming more and more a reality in today’s societies resulting from the increase in longevity and consequent increase in average life expectancy and the decline in the birth rates
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a rehabilitation nursing exercise program (RNEP) on balance, gait, and functional independence in hospitalized older people
After the implementation of the RNEP (7 consecutive days), the mean balance scores increased by 45%, the mean gait scores by 48.8%, and the mean functional independence scores by 15.5%
Summary
Population aging is becoming more and more a reality in today’s societies resulting from the increase in longevity and consequent increase in average life expectancy and the decline in the birth rates. Nurses specialized in rehabilitation nursing play an essential role due to their specific competencies Based on these assumptions, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a rehabilitation nursing exercise program (RNEP) on balance, gait, and functional independence in hospitalized older people. The RNEP (Table 1) was built for this purpose following several steps: 1) an exhaustive review of the studies on the topic based on recent scientific evidence, taking into account the target population and the deficits under study; and 2) analysis of the latest international recommendations on physical activity for older people (type of exercise, intensity, duration, and frequency), studies on types of exercise and rehabilitation programs in frail older people (strength training, flexibility training, aerobic endurance, and balance training), studies on the results of multicomponent training in frail older people (balance, gait, and functional independence), and studies on principles of exercise prescription in frail older people. They assessed balance, gait, and functional independence in the first session with the patients and after the implementation of the seven RNEP sessions
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