Effectiveness of Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Pediatric Emergencies. A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

IntroductionPain is defined as an unpleasant emotional and sensory experience associated with bodily harm or with situations that cause fear and anxiety. However, it is often undertreated in pediatric emergency departments. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of sedation-analgesia techniques, level of satisfaction among health care professionals and relatives, and agreement between the satisfaction of health care professionals and relatives. MethodsA cross-sectional design was conducted. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were recorded, together with those for effectiveness using the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability scale and the Wong-Baker FACES scale, and the satisfaction using the 10-point Likert scale. Stata 16.1 was used for data analysis. ResultsA total of 94 procedures were registered. The results suggested that these techniques were effective or mildly effective in only half of the cases. Satisfaction was considered good across the board, and the agreement between health care professionals (ie, pediatric nurses and pediatricians) was considered substantial. However, the agreement between health care professionals and relatives was moderate. DiscussionOur results suggested that the adequate management of pain in pediatric emergency departments is still a challenge, despite the availability of international guidelines. Future research lines should be focused on analyzing possible causes of the inefficacy of some sedation-analgesia techniques and the causes of the differences between the perspectives of health care professionals and relatives. These research lines may be useful to improve quality of care and pediatric patient comfort.