EFFECTIVENESS OF PERIODIZATION OF THE ANNUAL MACROCYCLE IN POWER TRAINING FOR GIRLS

Abstract

Goal. To study the effectiveness of periodization of the annual macrocycle in power training for girls based on their individual characteristics of metabolism and changes in the metabolic process occurring in the human body with regard to the seasonal biological patterns. Research methods and organization. The determination of the basal metabolism (BM), specific basal metabolism (SBM), and body mass composition of the students was carried out with the use of the ABC-01 Medass bio-impedance analyzer. The study involved 8 students from Mari State University and 8 students from fitness clubs in Yoshkar-Ola. Research results. We have provided the research material of fitness training process with periodiza-tion of the annual macrocycle: the rate of musculoskeletal (MS) growth (September-February), the rate of body fat (BF) loss (March-June), and the stabilization period – maintenance of the achieved body state (July-August). The study revealed the increased rate of MS growth by 1.24 kg (6.48%) (P <0.05) in September-February and continuously increased rate of MS growth up to 1.86 kg (9, 73%) (P <0.05) in March-June, which indicates muscle hypertrophy. The research revealed the growing BF of girls by 1.50 kg (10.58%) (P <0.05) in September-February, and the BF loss by -3.12 kg (-22.01%) (P <0.05) compared to the initial September level in March-June. Growing BF of girls is explained by seasonal changes in metabolism and excessive energy intake from 400 to 600 kcal relative to the daily energy expenditure in September-February. Girls, creating a deficit in energy intake by 200-300 kcal per day, deliberately achieved BF loss in March-June. Conclusion. Periodization of the training process in the power training macrocycle of girls and the control of correlation of energy intake and expenditure based on seasonal metabolic changes con-tributed to a statistically significant MS growth, BF loss and an increase in maximum strength.