Abstract
The learning process in higher nursing education develops student competences, such as applying standard precautions, in providing professional nursing care. To improve student knowledge and compliance related to standard precautions requires innovation from lecturers in providing appropriate learning methods. Peer-assisted learning (PAL) can enhance the active role of students and improve achievement. The PAL method involves senior students as peer teachers who help junior students. Using a questionnaire as an assessment instrument, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of PAL on knowledge and compliance in the application of standard precautions in student nurses. This study design was quasi experimental with pre and post assessment and a control group design approach. This research was conducted at the D Hospital in Padang, Indonesia, a hospital where students practice. This study was conducted in June–September 2017 with a sample size of 45. Data analysis using paired t-test showed that the average values of the level of knowledge and skills of students in the application of standard precautions before and after PAL methods differed significantly in the intervention group (p = 0.001). In conclusion, PAL can be applied in the learning process of nursing students to increase student achievement. Abstrak Efektifitas Metode Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL) Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Mahasiswa Dalam Penerapan Kewaspadaan Standar. Proses pembelajaran pada pendidikan tinggi keperawatan mengembangkan kompetensi mahasiswa dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan profesional. Salah satu kompentensi mahasiswa adalah menerapkan kewaspadaan standar. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kepatuhan mahasiswa terkait kewaspadaan standar membutuhkan inovasi dari dosen dalam memberikan metode pembelajaran yang sesuai. Metode peer-assisted learning (PAL) merupakan metode pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan peran aktif mahasiswa serta meningkatkan pencapaian kompetensi mahasiswa. Metode PAL melibatkan mahasiswa senior sebagai peer-teacher yang membantu juniornya dalam belajar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektifitas metode PAL terhadap tingkat pengetahuan dan kepatuhan dalam penerapan kewaspadaan standar pada mahasiswa keperawatan. Intrumen penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment dengan pendekatan pre dan post with control group design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit D di Padang, Indonesia, sebagai salah satu rumah sakit yang menjadi tempat praktik mahasiswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Juni – September 2017. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 45 orang. Hasil analisis data menggunakan paired t test menunjukkan nilai rerata tingkat pengetahuan dan keterampilan mahasiswa dalam penerapan kewaspadaan standar sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan metode PAL berbeda secara signifikan pada kelompok intervensi (p= 0,001). Metode PAL dapat diterapkan dalam proses pembelajaran mahasiswa keperawatan karena dapat meningkatkan pencapaian kompetensi mahasiswa. Kata kunci: kewaspadaan standar, mahasiswa keperawatan, peer-assisted learning (PAL)
Highlights
Nursing education supports the development of competence university campuses and in hospitals or other practical settings (Scheckel, 2016)
To improve student knowledge and compliance related to standard precautions requires innovation from lecturers in providing appropriate learning methods
The effectiveness of Peer-assisted learning (PAL) on increasing the knowledge and compliance of students in applying standard precautions was indicated by the results of analysis before and after PAL in the intervention and control groups (Table 3)
Summary
Nursing education supports the development of competence university campuses and in hospitals or other practical settings (Scheckel, 2016). The hospital exposes students to real situations and the demands of nursing practice to achieve the expected clinical competence (Sheahan, While, & Bloomfield, 2015). A basic clinical competence encountered in the hospital is the application of standard precau-. Et al, Peer-Assisted Learning in Nursing Student Knowledge and Compliance in the Application of Standard Precautions JKI, Vol 23, No 3, November 2020, 162–169 tions (Al-Rawajfah & Tubaishat, 2015), to prevent, protect, and minimize the occurrence of cross-infections among health care workers, including nurses, in direct contact with the body fluids of infected patients (Cheung et al, 2015; Berman, Snyder, Kozier, & Erb, 2016). Cheung et al (2015) found that senior students have a superior level of knowledge to junior students with regard the application of standard precautions
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