Abstract
BackgroundKnowledge and self-confidence are two critical determinants of future success of dental students. The present pilot study was conducted with an objective to simultaneously assess both knowledge and confidence gained by dental undergraduate students in the Head and Neck Anatomy course by employing didactic lecture-based and problem-based learning methods.MethodsA paper-based assessment tool comprising of 30 Multiple choice questions to assess knowledge, followed by a Likert’s scale to assess students’ confidence to answer the given knowledge question was designed. This tool was used in a cohort of first year dental students before the commencement of Head and Neck Anatomy course (Pre-course), immediately after the completion of Head and Neck Anatomy course (Post-course), and again in third year before the same cohort entered their clinical courses (Pre-clinics). The difference in students’ knowledge and confidence through both pedagogies was evaluated by Paired ‘t’ test. Pearson correlation analysis was done to determine the correlation between knowledge scores and self-reported confidence.ResultsA statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) was noted in the mean knowledge and confidence scores in the post-course evaluation, through both didactic lecture-based and problem-based learning methods. On the other hand, a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the mean knowledge and confidence scores of didactic lecture-based items in comparison to problem-based items was noted in the pre-clinics evaluation.. The post-course evaluation results yielded a Pearson correlation coefficient of r = 0.514, p = 0.002 for lecture-based items and r = 0.495, p = 0.003 for problem-based items, denoting a positive moderate correlation between the knowledge and confidence scores for both lecture-based and problem-based methods.ConclusionA significant improvement in both knowledge and self-reported confidence demonstrated at the end of Head and Neck Anatomy course proves both didactic lectures and problem-based learning methods to be equally effective in a hybrid dentistry program in the short term. However, the non-significant reduction in the pre-clinics knowledge and confidence scores among the PBL lessons proves it to be a potent learning tool for long term retention of knowledge, and sustainability of confidence.
Highlights
Knowledge and self-confidence are two critical determinants of future success of dental students
The objectives of the study were 1) to evaluate the students’ knowledge and self-reported confidence before and after the completion of Head and Neck Anatomy course in the first year, by stratifying the data based on didactic lectures and Problem Based Learning (PBL) sessions; 2) to evaluate the retention of knowledge gained in Head and Neck Anatomy course and associated self-reported confidence just before entering the clinics in third year; and 3) to determine the correlation between knowledge scores and self-reported confidence
The multiple choice questions (MCQs) were mainly of C2 or C3 level of Bloom’s taxonomy, as they were appropriate to examine the comprehension and application abilities of students. Out of these 30 MCQs, 15 were structured from the topics covered through didactic lectures, and the remaining 15 from the topics covered through PBL (Table 1)
Summary
Knowledge and self-confidence are two critical determinants of future success of dental students. Having a comprehensible judgement of one’s own abilities and strengths enables a person to be self-confident [1]. This self-confidence in turn is an outcome of cognitive processing and transformation of various sources of information [2]. The knowledge gained would be retained and applied for problem solving in their future clinical practice [3]. This self-learning plays a vital role in boosting the confidence of students
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