Abstract
This paper explains the free convective flowing of micropolar nanofluid through a solid sphere with Newtonian heating and the magnetic field influence. Sets of partial differential equations are converted by using convenient transformations to ordinary differential equations. The system of similar and nonsimilar equations is solved numerically using the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method (RKF45) using MAPLE software (version 20).The numerical results are validated by comparison with previously published works, and excellent agreement is found between them. The influence of the magnetic field parameter, solid volume fraction, and micropolar parameter on velocity, temperature, and angular velocity profiles are shown graphically. In addition, both the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are also discussed. It is found that the skin friction increases with an increase in the solid volume fraction of both nanoparticles and Newtonian heating and micropolar parameters. In addition, the magnetic field reduces both the skin friction and the Nusselt number. Moreover, the solid volume fraction and Newtonian heating parameter enhance the Nusselt number.
Highlights
The importance of nanofluids has been growing with the passage of time, and investigators have been intending to examine the attitude of nanofluids subjected to heat transport systems
This study explores the magneto-free convective of micropolar nanofluid flow through a solid sphere, considering the Newtonian heating
The CPU time to appreciate the values of velocity profiles (1.23 s) ismuch less than the CPU time to estimate the values of temperature profiles (1.67 s), and the CPU time for angular velocity is 2.01 s. The accuracy of this numerical method was validated by comparing the present results with the results reported by Salleh et al [23], in the absence of magnetic field, and micropolar parameter for Newtonian pure fluid
Summary
The importance of nanofluids has been growing with the passage of time, and investigators have been intending to examine the attitude of nanofluids subjected to heat transport systems. Nanofluids and their inclusions in the industrial sector have been growing more due to their homogeneous nature in thermal conductivity and rudimentary heat transport. Regular fluids such as water, propylene glycol, and ethylene glycol, among others, have poor heat transport properties. Nanoliquids, a homogenous solid liquid mixture, are applied to promote the classical, heat transfer base fluids thermal conductivity. In order to realize how thermal conductivity is improved, he provided many numerical and experimental studies
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