Abstract
Background: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients experience multiple uncomfortable symptoms, which may be alleviated using music-based intervention, a nondrug treatment. This umbrella review aims to combine the data of systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses to evaluate the effectiveness of music-based intervention in improving uncomfortable symptoms in ICU patients. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed on the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Airiti Library, CINAHL, ProQuest, and Web of Science databases, and Epistemonikos. The search had no language restrictions, and articles on the improvement of symptoms using music-based intervention in adult ICU patients were included. This review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021240327). Results: This umbrella review retrieved 5 systematic reviews and 41 original studies, including 39 randomized controlled trials, and 2 nonrandomized controlled trials. Diverse music was the most common music type used for music-based intervention, the intervention music was typically decided by the study participants (61%), and most subjects underwent one intervention session (78%). Furthermore, most music intervention sessions lasted for 30 min (44%). The positive results included decreased anxiety, decreased pain, decreased agitation, decreased anesthesia dose and sedative use, decreased chances of delirium, decreased feelings of uncomfort, and improved sleep quality. Conclusions: A systematic review on the effectiveness of music-based intervention in improving uncomfortable symptoms in ICU patients revealed that 20–30 min intervention sessions showed the best improvement in the uncomfortable symptoms in patients. This study provides a basis for using music-based intervention to relieve the uncomfortable symptoms in critically ill ICU patients, and a reference for empirical clinical practice.
Highlights
The intensive care unit (ICU) is a primary hospital unit for treating severe patients with life-threatening conditions [1]
What is the evidence for supporting the effectiveness of music-based intervention in decreasing the uncomfortable symptoms in Intensive care unit (ICU) patients? this study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the uncomfortable symptoms that can be relieved using music-based intervention and further determine the requirements and recommendations for using music-based intervention for anxiety, pain, agitation, and other uncomfortable symptoms identified in empirical studies
The symptoms examined in the five systematic review (SR) were anxiety, stress, pain, insomnia, sedation and analgesia, and reduction in delirium incidence, but only two meta-analyses showed that music-based intervention could improve anxiety [20] and pain [23] and concluded that music-based intervention was beneficial in reducing the anxiety of mechanically ventilated patients, and that one
Summary
The intensive care unit (ICU) is a primary hospital unit for treating severe patients with life-threatening conditions [1]. ICU patients experience the fear of unpredictable death, multiple invasive tubes, and complex treatment procedures. Almost all patients experience one or more uncomfortable symptoms in the ICU [2]. Uncomfortable symptoms can be deconstructed as a combination of two concepts: “uncomfortable” and “symptoms”. Intensive care unit (ICU) patients experience multiple uncomfortable symptoms, which may be alleviated using music-based intervention, a nondrug treatment. This umbrella review aims to combine the data of systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses to evaluate the effectiveness of music-based intervention in improving uncomfortable symptoms in ICU patients
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