Abstract
Objective: Diabetes is a common chronic disorder in which there is a high risk of physical complications and psychological problems such as hypoglycemia and inability to express emotions. Psychological interventions can be effective in this regard. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) training on emotional expressiveness and fear of hypoglycemia (FOH) in patients with type 2 diabetes visiting Yazd Diabetes Center.
 Materials and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and posttest design. The statistical population was all patients with type 2 diabetes visiting Yazd Diabetes Center in 2020. Forty men and women were selected using purposeful sampling and were randomly allocated to case and control groups. The case group received 8 sessions of MBSR training, 2 hours each and the control group received no interventions. Emotional Expressiveness Questionnaire (EEQ) and the Hypoglycemia Fear Survey (HFS) were used to collect data.
 Results: Results of ANCOVA showed that MBSR training significantly increases emotional expressiveness and its components (P-value< 0.0001) and decreases the fear of hypoglycemia (P-value< 0.0001) in patients with type 2 diabetes (P-value< 0.035).
 Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, MBSR training could improve emotional expressiveness, prevent hypoglycemia and reduce the fear of it.
Highlights
Diabetes is a common metabolic disorder characterized by higher blood glucose levels caused by varying degrees of insulin resistance or impaired insulin secretion [1]
Results of ANCOVA showed that mindfulnessbased stress reduction (MBSR) training significantly increases emotional expressiveness and its components (P-value< 0.0001) and decreases the fear of hypoglycemia (P-value< 0.0001) in patients with type 2 diabetes (P-value< 0.035)
The mean and standard deviation of emotional expressiveness, expression of positive emotion, expression of negative emotion, expression of intimacy, and fear of hypoglycemia (FOH) in patients with type 2 diabetes in case and control groups are shown in Table 2 in the assessment process
Summary
Diabetes is a common metabolic disorder characterized by higher blood glucose levels caused by varying degrees of insulin resistance or impaired insulin secretion [1]. Rosenzweig et al investigated the effectiveness of MBSR in glycemic control, body weight, blood pressure and stress-related psychological symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes. Results of their study showed that depression, anxiety, stress and self-confidence were related to hemoglobin A1c and the above treatment was effective in reducing some psychological symptoms in patients with type 2 diabetes, increasing their self-confidence and controlling their blood glucose [23]. Results of such studies are a basis for more research on diabetics and are effective in providing these patients with appropriate counseling and psychological services. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of MBSR training on emotional expressiveness and FOH in patients with type 2 diabetes visiting Yazd Diabetes Center
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