Effectiveness of mechanical debridement with and without antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against oral yeasts in children with gingivitis undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy.

Abstract

The aim was to assess the effectiveness of mechanical debridement (MD) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) against oral yeasts in children with gingivitis undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy (FOT). Individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment were included. Patients were randomly divided into 2-groups. In the test-group, patients underwent MD with adjuvant aPDT; and in the control-group, patients underwent MD alone. Demographic information was recorded using a questionnaire. An ultrasonic scaler was used to perform MD and aPDT was done using methylene blue and visible light. In both groups, gingival index, unstimulated whole salivary flow rate and oral yeasts counts were measured at baseline and compared at 6-months' follow-up. Group comparisons were performed and P < 0.05 was selected as an indicator of statistical significance. Eighteen (10 males and 8 females) and 18 individuals (9 males and 9 females) were included in the test- and control groups. The mean age of individuals in the test and control groups were 16.6 ± 0.5 and 16.8 ± 0.4 years, respectively. At 6-months' follow-up, the GI was comparable among patients in the test- and control-group. In the test-group, the CFU/ml of oral yeasts were significantly higher at baseline compared with 6-months' follow-up (P < 0.05). In the control-group, there was no statistically significant difference in the CFU/ml of oral yeasts at baseline and 6-months' follow-up. aPDT is a useful adjuvant to MD in reducing whole salivary oral yeasts counts among adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment. In the sort-term, MD with and without aPDT is useful in reducing GI in adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment.