Abstract
Canine rabies remains an important public health problem in Africa. Mass vaccination of dogs is the recommended method for the control and elimination of rabies. We report the second free mass vaccination campaign of the dog in the communes V and VI of the district of Bamako that took place in September 2014. The objective was to estimate vaccination coverage by evaluating the effectiveness of the vaccination campaign and to determine the effectiveness parameters of the intervention by the capture mark recapture method and the Bayesian model. In commune V, vaccination coverage was 27% with a canine population estimated at 1531 and the proportion of dogs without owners was 2%. For commune VI, the canine population was estimated at 3510 with a vaccination coverage of 20%. The proportion of the non-owner dog population was 8%. The final effectiveness was 33% and 28% respectively in communes V and VI. Availability has been identified as the most sensitive effectiveness parameter attributed to the lack of campaign information. Despite low immunization coverage, it is possible to carry out vaccination campaigns that had an impact in Bamako district. For higher immunization coverage, a vaccination strategy adapted locally, perhaps, through a combination of fixed-line immunization and door-to-door vaccination.
Highlights
Canine rabies remains an important public health problem [1]
Commune V covers an area of 41 km2
It is bounded on the North by the Niger River, on the South by the airport zone and the rural commune of Kalanban-Coro, on the East by Commune VI
Summary
An estimated 60,000 human cases occur each year [2] and most of these occur in Asia and Africa [3]. The causal agent is a virus of the lyssavirus genus, usually transmitted to humans by the bite of a rabid animal through saliva [4,5]. Rabies is prevalent in all continents [5]. A few countries like Great Britain, Japan, Australia and the Pacific Islands are free of the disease [4]. In Africa, no country has been reported as free from rabies and in West Africa the disease persists in an enzootic state [6]. The incidence of the disease has increased in some countries of this continent [7]. Children under 15 [8] are exposed [9, 10, 11]
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