Effectiveness of lifestyle modification package among overweight and obese adolescent girls between 15-19 years with polycystic ovarian syndrome

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common female endocrine disorder which is often diagnosed during late adolescence, with anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Adolescent girls with PCOS, are at an increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. Early diagnosis and early intervention may prevent long term sequelae and improve quality of life. The objectives were to study the effectiveness of lifestyle modification package among overweight and obese adolescent girls between 15-19 years with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods: In this study 144 adolescent girls (postmenarchal by 2 years) diagnosed as PCOS as per Rotterdam criteria after ruling out other causes of menstrual abnormality listed in the exclusion criteria, were selected. Informed consent taken from the participant or their parent if less than 18 years. Their anthropometric measurements and their menstrual cycles recorded at the beginning of the study and a lifestyle modification package including dietary modification and exercise, given to each of them. Participants were followed up telephonically every month to know their compliance towards the intervention program along with reinforcement of the package. After 6 months of intervention they were reviewed to assess the effectiveness of the intervention package.Results: Significant weight loss was seen in 66.4% of the participants and15.2% had weight stabilization (weight gain <1.5kg). There was significant change in BMI with mean change in BMI 1.9. 58.4% of the girls improved their menstrual cycle after 6 months. There was significant reduction in body fat% and W/H ratio.Conclusions: Lifestyle modification is a simple, cost effective treatment in the management of overweight and obese adolescent PCOS in improving their BMI and regularization of menstrual cycles.