Effectiveness of image optimization in digital intraoral radiographic systems

Abstract

<h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the effectiveness of image optimization in digital intraoral radiographic systems. <h3>Study Design</h3> Radiographic images from seven size 2 intraoral sensors (Carestream 6200, Dexis Platinum, Gendex GXS700, LEDTuxedo, Planmeca ProSensor HD, Sirona Schick 33, and XDR Radiology) were optimized in accordance with ANSI/ADA Standard 1094 Quality Assurance for Digital Intra-Oral Radiographic Systems to investigate the benefits of image optimization. The Dental Digital Quality Assurance (DDQA) phantom provided reference objects for assessment of dynamic range, spatial resolution, and contrast perceptibility. Images were analyzed with NIH ImageJ to objectively assess dynamic range and spatial resolution. Contrast perceptibility was subjectively scored based on the visibility of individual wells in two rows of the DDQA phantom. All radiographic images were acquired with the same DC x-ray source (Planmeca ProX) using the sensor's native software on a Gigabyte Laptop Model P34 with a display calibrated using the SMPTE monitor test pattern. To simulate clinically relevant scenarios, a second phantom of an endodontically prepared molar tooth was fabricated, consisting of a #6 K endodontic file placed to the apex of the palatal root of a maxillary molar. File position was confirmed using a scanning electronic microscope and then fixed in place within the root canal. The instrumented tooth was stabilized in acrylic to simulate soft tissue and bone absorption. Three exposures of the endodontic phantom were made using each sensor: one at the optimal exposure time and two at exposure settings one increment above and below. ImageJ was used to measure the distance from the file tip to the radiographic apex. <h3>Results</h3> While optimal exposure parameters varied among sensors, in all cases, the measured distance from the endodontic file to the apex was superior on images acquired at optimum exposure rather than radiographic images acquired with exposures just one increment higher or lower than the optimal parameters. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Optimization of radiographic images using the approach specified in ANSI/ADA Standard1094 enhances clinical diagnostic accuracy. <b>Statement of Ethical Review</b> Ethical Review or exemption was not warranted for this study