Effectiveness of hydrotherapy on pain and functional status of shoulder joint among individuals undergone intra-articular injections

Abstract

BackgroundThe shoulder complex with its varied pathology responds differently from patient to patient and so, the best option for progression is a choice of rehabilitation. In the present post-COVID scenario, many patients are referred to acute and sub-acute shoulder pain and dysfunction. It is very difficult to predict the outcome of therapy. Some patients recover even without any modalities. Recurrent or adverse symptoms are also possible. Gender, other demographic features, physiological response, and progressive outcome need to be considered in rehabilitation. This study is intended to evaluate the short-term effects of hydrotherapy post-intra-articular injections of shoulder dysfunctions.Aims and objectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of hydrotherapy during early rehabilitation of individuals who have undergone intra-articular injections of shoulder joint on pain and function.Materials and methodsIn this prospective study, we have studied a total of 59 cases within the age group of 40–70 years with idiopathic frozen shoulder, acromio-clavicular joint dysfunction, and grade-1 untreated rotator cuff injuries. Group A patients were treated with conventional shoulder exercises and group B patients were treated in a hydrotherapy pool. The chief aim was to obtain earlier pain relief with controlled movement patterns and earlier relief from functional disability. The Constant-Murley score (CMS–100 points scale) composing pain and functional parameters was the outcome measure.ResultsAfter confounding all the demographic factors, it was found that the experimental group B treated by hydrotherapy revealed a statistically extremely significant difference (p value < 0.0001) at the end of the first week as compared to the conventional group. The treatment protocol was continued for 5 weeks. More than 90% of patients in the hydrotherapy group felt it easier and exercise participation progression was best. Better progression and improvement of shoulder function were achieved in the hydrotherapy group compared to the conventional group.ConclusionFrom this study, we conclude that hydrotherapy during early management of shoulder dysfunctions post-intra-articular injections is safer and provides excellent relief from pain as early as the first week. Functional progression is better and avoids complications related to mobilization.