Effectiveness of flexor tenolysis in zone II: A retrospective series of 40 patients at 3 months postoperatively

Abstract

Flexor tendon tenolysis consists of the surgical release of adhesions formed around tendons that persist despite splinting and appropriate rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the increase in active range of motion following flexor tenolysis in zone II and to document the ensuing complications. Sixty patients (75 fingers) underwent zone II flexor tenolysis following flexor tendon injury, with or without dorsal tenolysis or PIP arthrolysis. Tenolysis cases following tendon graft or replantation were excluded. Both passive and active ranges of motion were measured at metacarpophalangeal, proximal and distal interphalangeal joints preoperatively and postoperatively at 6 weeks (57 patients) and 3 months (40 patients). These measurements were completed by a functional evaluation using the Strickland classification. Any complications were noted. Mean preoperative total active motion (TAM) was 128°, increasing postoperatively to 188° at 6 weeks and 192° at 3 months. Mean increase in TAM for patients undergoing tenolysis only was 60°, compared to 90° in those undergoing tenolysis with arthrolysis. The functional outcome at 6 weeks was excellent in 23% of cases, good in 47%, average in 20% and poor in 10%. Deep flexor tendon rupture occurred in seven cases. Palmar flexor tenolysis can improve active range of motion of the fingers, and consequently, function.