Abstract
Plaque accumulation and white spot lesions are common adverse effects of fixed orthodontic appliance use. This study compared the effects between enzyme-containing and conventional dentifrices on orthodontic patients. This double-blind randomized controlled trial included 42 orthodontic patients (25 women and 17 men: 22.7 ± 4.2 years) from Taipei Medical University Hospital between 2017 and 2018. The patients were randomly divided into three groups and assigned to dentifrice use during the first 3 months of the orthodontic treatment: group 1 used dentifrices containing enzymes including amyloglucosidase and glucose oxidase, group 2 used dentifrices containing 1450 ppm fluoride, and group 3 used natural dentifrices containing no chemical agent. White spot lesion index (WSL), gingival bleeding index (GBI), and visible plaque index (VPI) were recorded and analyzed. WSL, GBI, and VPI values exhibited no significant difference among the three groups. WSL increased significantly in group 3, GBI decreased significantly in all groups, and VPI decreased significantly in groups 1 and 2. No significant difference was observed between the use of enzyme-containing and conventional dentifrices after fixed orthodontic appliance placement.
Highlights
Despite advances in orthodontic treatment, some adverse effects are generally observed, including decalcification of the enamel, known as white spots lesion, and gingival problems [1]
Among patients with fixed orthodontic appliances, fluoride products produce a higher degree of protective effects on white spot lesions, plaque accumulation, and gingival health [16,17,18]
Our thorough search of relevant literature revealed that this is the first study to assess the effects of the use of enzyme-containing dentifrices without fluoride and different conventional dentifrices on orthodontic patients
Summary
Despite advances in orthodontic treatment, some adverse effects are generally observed, including decalcification of the enamel, known as white spots lesion, and gingival problems [1]. The innate defense factors in human saliva are peroxidase enzymes, lysozyme, and lactoferrin. These proteins can limit bacterial or fungal growth, interfere with bacterial glucose uptake or glucose metabolism, and promote bacterial aggregation and elimination [11]. Numerous studies have evaluated the effects of dentifrices on white spot lesions and plaque accumulation. Among patients with fixed orthodontic appliances, fluoride products produce a higher degree of protective effects on white spot lesions, plaque accumulation, and gingival health [16,17,18]. No study has compared the effects between enzyme-containing dentifrices and conventional dentifrices on orthodontic patients. This study (1) compared the effects of enzyme-containing dentifrices and conventional dentifrices on orthodontic patients, and (2) evaluated user satisfaction regarding enzyme-containing dentifrices and conventional dentifrices
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