Abstract
BackgroundSoil salinity is a real challenge in nowadays crop production in many regions. Various strategies have been applied to increase plant salinity tolerance. Salicylic acid (SA) frequently has been reported to increase plant salinity tolerance; however, the comparative efficiency of soil (root) or foliar application of SA has not been well tested yet. In this study, the effects of root or leaf pretreatment, and leaf treatment with 100 mg L−1 salicylic acid were evaluated on growth characteristics of tomato seedlings (Solanum lycopersicum Mill) under salinity stress. The plants were grown 3 weeks in sand that were fed with Hoagland nutrient solution with or without 100 mM NaCl.ResultsThe results showed that salinity significantly reduced tomato seedling growth and traits of plant height, leaf area, shoot fresh weight, and nutrient concentration of potassium, calcium, iron and zinc compared to control plants. However, leaf SPAD value, root fresh and dry weights, leaf concentration of sodium, proline and soluble sugars were significantly increased under 100 mM NaCl salinity compared to control plants. Application of salicylic acid particularly by foliar pretreatment increased the tomato plant growth and those traits that were reduced by NaCl salinity. Application of SA, particularly foliar pretreatment, also increased the root fresh and dry weights, leaf proline and soluble sugars concentrations as compared with salinity alone. Foliar SA pretreatment significantly increased leaf K and Fe concentrations, whereas leaf Ca was significantly increased by either root or leaf pretreatment with SA under salinity.ConclusionThe results indicate that the most to least effective method of SA application was leaf pretreatment, root pretreatment and leaf treatment, respectively, to recover the reduced growth parameters of tomato plant under salinity stress.
Highlights
Soil salinity is a real challenge in nowadays crop production in many regions
Plant growth The results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) for plant height and leaf area were significant at P = 0.01
Plant height and leaf area were significantly reduced under salinity stress compared to control plants (Table 1)
Summary
Soil salinity is a real challenge in nowadays crop production in many regions. Various strategies have been applied to increase plant salinity tolerance. Salinity has adverse effects on general plant growth, development and quality [6, 48] that can significantly increase the production costs of agricultural crops [18, 41]. Different approaches including genetic and biotechnology methods or Salicylic acid is a water-soluble secondary metabolite and phenolic compound that is produced in many organisms including plants. It is a plant growth regulator with various roles in plant metabolism [10, 39].
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