Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare two irrigation techniques and four devices for endodontic sealer placement into the dentinal tubules. Ninety-nine single-rooted human teeth were instrumented and allocated to either the control (CO) (n=11) or experimental groups according to the irrigation method: syringe and NaveTip needle (NT) (n=44), and EndoActivator (EA) (n=44). These groups were subdivided according to sealer placement into K-File (KF), lentulo spiral (LS), Easy Clean (EC), and EndoActivator (EA) subgroups. Moreover, the distances of 5 mm and 2 mm from the apex were analyzed. The teeth were obturated with AH Plus and GuttaCore X3. Analyses were performed by scanning electron microscopy associated to cathodoluminescence. The percentage and maximum depth of sealer penetration were measured. Data were evaluated by three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Games-Howell test (p<0.05). EA was superior to NT in percentage of sealer penetration. EC was significantly superior to EA (subgroup) for sealer penetration, and both improved the percentage of sealer penetration when compared to LS. Better sealer penetration was observed at the distance of 5 mm from the apex. Sealer penetration into the dentinal tubules was significantly improved by sonic irrigant activation.
Highlights
Submitted: Aug 08, 2017 Accepted for publication: Nov 11, 2017 Last revision: Nov 23, 2017The main purpose of endodontic treatment is to control infections and prevent reinfections.[1]
Percentage of sealer penetration The three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) and the Games-Howell post-test indicated that EA was better than NT, and both were higher than CO, regardless of the instrument and the distance
The area of sealer penetration was greater at the apical distance of 5 mm compared to 2 mm, irrespective of the type of irrigation and instrument
Summary
The main purpose of endodontic treatment is to control infections and prevent reinfections.[1] the complex anatomy of root canal systems might render disinfection difficult in specific ramifications and dentinal tubules, especially in the apical third.[2]. Root canal preparation and shaping is an important step in decreasing endodontic contamination. Irrigants as sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) can penetrate mechanically inaccessible areas, dissolving organic tissues and removing smear layers,[3] and are indispensable in the apical third.[4,5] endodontic sealers have antibacterial properties and their full potential is achieved when placed in direct contact with clean and prepared root canal walls; the penetration of sealers in the dentinal tubules improve the seal and the obturation quality.[6]
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