Effectiveness of Bi-Parametric MR/US Fusion Biopsy for Detecting Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer in Prostate Biopsy Naïve Men.

Abstract

PurposeTo explore the effect of bi-parametric MRI-ultrasound (MR/US) fusion prostate biopsy on the detection of overall cancer and significant prostate cancer (sPCa).Materials and MethodsWe examined 140 patients with suspected prostate cancer lesions on MRI from August 2016 to March 2018. All patients had undergone 3T pre-biopsy bi-parametric (T2 weighted and diffusion-weighted) prostate MRI (bpMRI), and their MRI images were evaluated with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) version 2.0. MR/US fusion targeted prostate biopsy was performed for lesions with a PI-RADS score ≥3 before systemic biopsy. The results of targeted and systemic biopsy were evaluated in regards to detection rate according to PI-RADS score.ResultsOf the patients (mean age=67.2 years, mean prostate-specific antigen level=8.1 ng/mL), 66 (47.1%) and 37 (26.4%) patients were diagnosed with cancer and significant prostate cancer, respectively. The rate of positive targeted biopsy increased with higher PI-RADS score (3: 40.4%, 4: 56.7%, 5: 90.0%). The proportion of significant prostate cancer among positive target lesions was 65.3% (32/49).ConclusionbpMRI is a feasible tool with which to identify sPCa. MR/US fusion biopsy, rather than systemic biopsy, can help identify sPCa. We recommend using supplemental tools to increase prostate cancer detection in patients with PI-RADS 3 lesions.