Effectiveness of Azadirachta Indica Leaf Extract Against Transforming Growth Factor-β Levels in Swiss Mice Inoculated by Plasmodium berghei ANKA

Abstract

Malaria is one of the health problems for the world's population in tropical and subtropical regions. Malaria infection is caused by the protozoa <em>Plasmodium spp</em>. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of <em>A. indica</em> Leaf extract against TGF-β<em> </em>levels in Swiss mice inoculated with <em>Plasmodium berghei</em> ANKA (PbA). This study used true experimental with a post-test design only control group design which used Swiss mice subjects weighing 30-35 grams as much as 24 heads and divided into four groups (K, T1, T2, T3); all groups were inoculated PbA. Group T1 (<em>A. indica</em> leaf extract therapy at a dose of 0.25 mg/grBB), Group T2 (<em>A. indica</em> leaf extract therapy at a dose of 0.5 mg/grBB), Group T3 (<em>A. indica</em> leaf extract therapy at a dose of 1 mg/grBB). Data analysis using the <em>Anova + posthoc test</em> with a significance value of p < 0.05 and CI of 95%. The results showed differences in TGF-β levels, both in the control and treatment groups after treatment, with a p-value of < 0.05. Greater increases in TGF-β levels occurred in the T3 group (average +38.46 pg/ml) compared to group K (average +14.37 pg/ml), group T1 (average +14.37 pg/ml), and group T2 (average +22.13 pg/ml)