Abstract
Titanium (Ti) dental implant failure as a result of infection has been established at 40%, being regarded as one of the most habitual and untreatable problems. Current research is focused on the design of new surfaces that can generate long-lasting, infection-free osseointegration. The purpose of our study was to assess studies on Ti implants coated with different antibacterial surfaces, assessing their osseointegration. The PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were electronically searched for in vivo studies up to December 2020, selecting six studies that met the inclusion criteria. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) criteria and Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation’s (SYRCLE’s) risk of bias tool. Although all the included studies, proved greater osseointegration capacity of the different antibacterial surfaces studied, the methodological quality and experimental models used in some of them make it difficult to draw predictable conclusions. Because of the foregoing, we recommend caution when interpreting the results obtained.
Highlights
More than 50 years ago, Bränemark described the process of osseointegration as “a direct structural and functional connection between ordered, living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant”
This researcher proved that an implant’s titanium (Ti) oxide coating could fuse to living bone and that Ti and bone would be impossible to separate without fracturing [1,2]
Even completely sterilized Ti implants are prone to bacterial infections, sometimes as a result of the host’s defenses being compromised and others due to the questionable antibacterial properties of Ti that have been reported in certain studies [9]
Summary
More than 50 years ago, Bränemark described the process of osseointegration as “a direct structural and functional connection between ordered, living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant”. This researcher proved that an implant’s titanium (Ti) oxide coating could fuse to living bone and that Ti and bone would be impossible to separate without fracturing [1,2]. Direct bone-to-implant contact could be indicative of a lack of systemic or local response to the implant’s surface and, osseointegration would involve a biologically negative tissue response [5]. Bacterial infections around implant surrounding tissue (peri-implantitis), whose criteria were established at the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal
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