Abstract
Following the online publication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genome in January 2020, two lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA vaccines, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273, were rapidly developed and are now being used worldwide to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The mRNA of both vaccines encodes the full-length spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, which binds to the host cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and is believed to mediate virus entry into cells. After intramuscular injection of the vaccine, the spike protein is produced in the cells. Both humoral and cellular immune responses to the spike protein are elicited for protection against COVID-19. The efficacy of the two mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 with wild-type SARS-CoV-2 is more than 90% and is slightly decreased with the Delta variant, which is currently the predominant variant in many countries. In this review, the effectiveness of and immune responses to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines and their mechanisms are summarized and discussed. Potential waning immunity and an additional dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are also discussed.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
