Effectiveness of Active Warming Intervention for Women Undergoing Cesarean Section: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

Purpose The aim of this study was to synthesize the best available evidence for active warming interventions during cesarean section. Methods A database search was done for randomized controlled trials utilizing active warming interventions. Maternal temperature, shivering and neonatal temperature were evaluated as outcome variables. Data were analyzed using Cochrane Review Manager software Version 5.3. Results Thirteen studies including 1306 patients were reviewed. The degree of lowering of maternal temperature decreased in the warmed fluids (MD 0.51; p=.004) and warming mattress interventions (MD 0.22; p<.001) compared with control groups. Incidence of shivering was also lower in the active warming group (OR 0.55; p=.003). There was no statistically significant difference in maternal temperature with a forced air warming intervention (MD 0.64; p=.15) or in neonatal temperature (MD 0.12; p=.26). Conclusion Findings show that with warmed fluids and warming mattresses applied during cesarean sections maternal temperature decline was reduced and also the incidence of shivering declined, but no significant effect was observed for forced air warming interventions. These findings provide a basis for developing a warming guideline for women having a cesarean section and will help to improve the quality of care for cesarean section patients. 주요어: ì œì™•ì ˆê°œ, ì €ì²´ì˜¨, 체온, ì „ìœ¨, ê³ ì°° Key words: Cesarean section, Hypothermia, Temperature, Shivering, Review