Abstract
BackgroundYouth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience high rates (approximately 50–79%) of comorbid anxiety problems. Given the significant interference and distress that excessive anxiety can cause, evidence-based intervention is necessary in order to reduce long-term negative effects. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has demonstrated efficacy for treating anxiety disorders across the lifespan, both in individual and group formats. Recently, modified CBT programs for youth with ASD have been developed, showing positive outcomes. To date, these modified CBT programs have primarily been evaluated in controlled research settings.MethodsThe current community effectiveness study investigated the effectiveness of a modified group CBT program (Facing Your Fears) delivered in a tertiary care hospital and across six community-based agencies providing services for youth with ASD. Data were collected over six years (N = 105 youth with ASD; ages 6–15 years).ResultsHospital and community samples did not differ significantly, except in terms of age (hospital M = 10.08 years; community M = 10.87 years). Results indicated significant improvements in anxiety levels from baseline to post-treatment across measures, with medium effect sizes. An attempt to uncover individual characteristics that predict response to treatment was unsuccessful.ConclusionsOverall, this study demonstrated that community implementation of a modified group CBT program for youth with ASD is feasible and effective for treating elevated anxiety.
Highlights
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication, and the presence of stereotyped, repetitive behavior, and/or restricted interests [1]
Modified cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) programs for youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are efficacious based on well controlled lab-based studies
We examined the effectiveness of community implementation of a modified CBT program (Facing Your Fears) in a large sample of youth with ASD, aged 6 to 15 years by comparing results from a tertiary hospital program versus community program delivery
Summary
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication, and the presence of stereotyped, repetitive behavior, and/or restricted interests [1]. Children and youth with ASD experience high levels of anxiety [3]. Excessive anxiety causes considerable distress and interference with daily functioning [7], and without intervention, may become more impairing with age, thereby negatively impacting long-term prognosis and outcome [8]. Addressing anxiety is an important treatment goal for children and youth with ASD, in order to mitigate the long-term cycle of maladaptation. Youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience high rates (approximately 50–79%) of comorbid anxiety problems. Given the significant interference and distress that excessive anxiety can cause, evidence-based intervention is necessary in order to reduce long-term negative effects. Modified CBT programs for youth with ASD have been developed, showing positive outcomes. These modified CBT programs have primarily been evaluated in controlled research settings
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