Effectiveness of a Leadership Development Course for Chief Residents: A Longitudinal Evaluation.

Abstract

Nonclinical skills (eg, self-regulation, team leadership, conflict resolution) are essential for success as a chief resident (CR). The literature on programs teaching these skills reports few if any effectiveness outcomes. We reported the outcomes of a leadership course for CRs using participants' self-reported outcomes and assessments from their program directors (PDs). A 2-day curriculum focused on emotional intelligence competencies, including self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and relationship management. We used a logic model to align 2017-2018 curriculum with targeted outcomes. Questionnaires before and after the course assessed short-term and intermediate outcomes for the participants and PD interviews evaluated observed changes in CRs' performance attributable to the course. A total of 74 residents participated in the course, and 65% and 59% responded to the post-course and follow-up questionnaires, respectively. Over 95% of respondents indicated developing leadership knowledge and skills and connecting with new CRs in the post-course questionnaire. During follow-up, CRs reported applying concepts learned during chief residency, using tools to address conflict, engaging in quality and patient safety projects, and continuing to interact with other participants. The relationships between reported outcomes and participants' gender/prior leadership training were not significant (P > .05), with small to medium effect sizes (0.01-0.32). All 14 PDs offered positive appraisal of the CRs, but we could not specifically attribute this growth to the course. Participation in this CR leadership development course was associated with enhancement and application of leadership competencies in immediate and intermediate time frames.