Effectiveness and safety of early intramuscular botulinum toxin injections to prevent shoulder deformity in babies with brachial plexus birth injury (POPB-TOX), a randomised controlled trial: study protocol

Abstract

IntroductionIn children with brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI), denervation of the shoulder muscles leads to bony deformity in the first months of life, reducing active and passive range of motion...