Abstract
Eel population in nature reaches critical number, so that culture strategy is urgently needed to fulfil the high demand of this fish. A shortcut to get functional male, which proven difficult to be founded from natural catching, is masculinization. This research aimed to induce masculinization of tropical eel, Anguilla bicolor McClelland supplemented with various doses of 17α-methyltestosterone during a month culture in freshwater (0 ppt) or brackish water (10 ppt). The eel was grouped and fed with supplementation of 17α-methyltestosterone at various doses, depending upon treatments, namely 0 mg Kg-1 diet (control), 40, 80 or 120 mg Kg-1 diet. Eels size were similar, at approximately 16,78 g ± 0,62 in weight and 25,38 cm ± 0,15 in length were either culture in freshwater or brackish during the experiment for eight weeks. Sex gonad, based on anatomical histological structures, Eye Index and Fin Index were measured after time culture treatment achieved, as well as body length, weight, eye diameter and the length of the pectoral fin were measured. Results showed that supplementation 17α-methyltestosterone 80 mg/Kg diet culture in brackish water has the highest number of male (90%). This study proven that, the hormone was effective for masculinization in eels, It useful for masculinization in eels. Results proved that the 17α-methyltestosterone highly significant (P<0.01) effect on the Eye index (3.63 – 5.14) and Fin Index (3.03 – 4.08) of eels. This study concluded, that 17α-methyltestosterone more effective in improving the number of males in brackish water than in freshwater culture.
Highlights
Mature male eel is very important as mature female for artificial insemination as part of eel culture needed
The effectiveness use of male sex hormone, 17α-methyltestosterone has been reported for some purposes including to induce masculinization, as a mean of sex reversal, on Tilapia (Marjani et al, 2009; ) or on zebra fish (Orn et al, 2003), as well as for sex inversion in grouper fish (Sarter et al, 2006) use of the hormone as inplant to induce permanent sex inversion of 1-year-old juvenile protogynous dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus) resulted in complete sex change after 12 weeks, with the gonad organized in lobules and cysts filled with germ cells at all stage of spermatogenesis
This research aimed to induce masculinization of tropical eel, Anguilla bicolor McClelland supplemented with various doses of 17α-methyltestosterone during eight weeks culture in freshwater (0 ppt) or brackish water (10 ppt), based on histological assessment data to determine the sex of eel results
Summary
Mature male eel is very important as mature female for artificial insemination as part of eel culture needed. To induce tropical eel maturation aplked the 17αmethyltestosterone in combination with PMSG, AD and MT of 100-150 gr sizes (yellow eel stage), resulted in 100% male and enhanced the gonad maturity has been reported by Aryani et al (2015). In European eel sexual maturity has been detected via metamorfosis processes including changes in skin colours, increase in body weight, and eye size culture in saltwater other than fresh water induce reproductive status better (Nowosad et al, 2014). This research aimed to induce masculinization of tropical eel, Anguilla bicolor McClelland supplemented with various doses of 17α-methyltestosterone during eight weeks culture in freshwater (0 ppt) or brackish water (10 ppt), based on histological assessment data to determine the sex of eel results (histological structural sex determination of the gonad)
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