Abstract
Dielectric electrostatic capacitors have drawn numerous attention due to the long service time and rapid charge-discharge rate. However, the enhancement of energy density is a significant challenge for elevating the energy capacity. Here, a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite hybridly filled with anatase TiO2 1D nanowires and 2D nanosheets is investigated which possesses a high energy density. In the composite, electric displacement and breakdown strength are increased simultaneously via a synergetic effect of nanofillers with different dimensions. At the TiO2 loading of 8 vol% with the nanosheet/nanowire volume ratio of 5:1, the composite possesses a high Eb of 610.2 MV/m, realizing 39% enhancement from 440.3 MV/m of PVDF. A high D of 12.3 μC/cm2, superhigh energy density of 18 J/cm3 with high efficiency of 63% are also achieved in the composite at 600 MV/m, the displacement and energy density are higher than PVDF and its composites filled with pure 1D or 2D TiO2 nanofillers. The mechanism of the superior energy storage properties of the composite lies in micro-regional bridging of high electric displacement by nanowires and effective area electron scattering by large-area nanosheets. Thus, this study provides a method to prepare polymer/ceramic composites with superior electric properties for high-power energy storage device applications.
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