Effective weather/frequency-based transmission line models—Part II: Prospective applications

Abstract

Electric power system studies consist of power flow (PF) analysis, economic load dispatch (ELD), dynamics and stability, protection and control, state-estimation, etc. Many of these studies highly depend on the precise values of transmission lines' series impedance and shunt admittance. Although the variation of these parameters are affected by the surrounding dynamic heat transfer and disturbances on the network frequency, few studies highlighted these phenomena together to underpin the certainties on the feasibility and optimality criteria of these studies. In part I of this study, an effective revision of existing transmission line models has been presented, and it assumes that solving this realistic problem (i.e., the effects of temperature T and frequency ω) by starting from the Telegrapher's equations can ensure correcting the related issues in other power system studies. In this paper, numerical experiments are carried out in six studies: PF, network losses, ELD, fault analysis, transient-stability of single machine infinite bus (SMIB), and optimal relays coordination (ORC) of directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs). Among these experiments, it is obvious that the temperature/frequency-based (TFB) model can effectively enhance the accuracy of many power system studies.