Effective valorization of blackstrap molasses to poly gamma glutamic acid (γ-PGA) using L-glutamic acid independent feeding approach and its significance as drought mitigator in wheat plant

Abstract

One of the finest approaches towards sustainable waste management is its effective valorization to value-added products (VAPs). Waste valorization is garnering considerable attention since it delivers substantial advantages, including environmental stability and a sustainable and viable platform for producing different VAPs. One such VAP is the poly gamma glutamic acid (γ- PGA), an extortionate biopolymer known to date. Its exorbitant cost is the main barrier preventing γ- PGA from becoming commercially viable. Hence, the key to the successful commercialization of γ- PGA is its sustainable and cost-effective production. In the present study, the ability of Bacillus paralicheniformis NCIM 5769 to utilize molasses for γ-PGA production with minimal nutrients was investigated. Results showed that 30% molasses combined with 2% ammonium nitrate was the optimal medium for γ-PGA production. Additionally, the anti-drought activity of the synthesized γ-PGA was evaluated on wheat plants showing significantly higher shoot length, biomass content, and germination rate compared to the control group. These findings suggest that γ-PGA produced from molasses has the potential to be used as a drought mitigator in wheat plant, thereby achieving the mission of circular economy and sustainable development goal (SGD) 12, i.e. pursuing sustainability patterns for consumption & production.