Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the availability of waste glass as alternative materials in sustainable constructions. Collected waste glass was ground into waste glass powder (WGP) with similar particle size distribution as Portland cement (PC) and waste glass sand (WGS) with similar grade as sand. The compressive strength was investigated through the Taguchi test to evaluate the effect of different parameters on WGP-blended mortar, which include WG-replacement rate (G/B, 0, 10%, 20%, 30%), water/binder ratio (w/b, 0.35. 0.40, 0.50, 0.60), cementitious material dosage (Cpaste, 420, 450, 480, 500 kg/m3), and color of powder (green (G) and colorless (C)). The alkali–silica reaction (ASR) expansion risk of WGS-blended mortar was assessed. The experimental results indicated that WGP after 0.5 h grinding could be used as substituted cement in mortar and help to release potential ASR expansion. The replacement rate played a dominant role on strength at both the early or long-term age. The water/binder ratio of 0.35 was beneficial to the compressive strength at three days and 0.50 was better for strength at 60 and 90 days. An optimal value of cementitious material dosage (450 Kg/m3) exited in view of its strength, while the effect of the color of WG was minor. WGS could be graded as standard construction sand and no ASR expansion risk was found even for 100% replacement of regular sand in mortar. Through the comprehensive reuse of waste glass, this study could provide basic knowledge and a concept for the sustainable development of building materials.
Highlights
Portland cement has been the most popular construction material for a century [1,2]
There was a big gap between brown glass powder (BP)/glass powder (GP) and colorless glass powder (CP), which Ka(BP) closed to Ka(GP), it was much higher than Ka(CP)
The total amount of SiO2 in CP was highest from the XRF result (Table 2), which indicted that even colorless glass powder contained more SiO2, and just a few parts of SiO2 presented chemical activity, in the presence of alkali solution
Summary
Portland cement has been the most popular construction material for a century [1,2]. The environmental impact during cement production, for example, emissions of greenhouse gas, has been frequently concerned [3]. Sustainable development in the cement industry encouraged the development of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) that improve the workability [4], durability [5,6], and strength of concrete, and reduce the consumption of Portland cement per unit volume of concrete [7,8]. Except for the aforementioned materials, the growing demand of SCMs is pushing industry and academia to explore more alternatives from a practical point of view [10], for example, waste glass (WG)
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