Effective Replacement of the Heating Network Distribution of Central Heating and Hot Water Distribution in Direct Heating System Networks

Abstract

In the reconstruction of distribution heating networks of the direct heating systems, a new heating network is necessary to meet the current heat demand. Old original thermal networks do not meet operating requirements. The solved study we assessed the heat distribution of central heating was originally in steel, and hot water distribution was originally in galvanised steel. This distribution network has been assessed for the city in eastern Slovakia, where the new proposal aim to save operating costs, by reducing heat losses in pipe distribution. The reconstruction of heating networks had the nature of the need for pipeline replacement. Central heating, which was originally designed in steel pipes, we compared with new preinsulated steel pipes and with preinsulated flexible plastic pipes. Final design for central heating, which was with the lowest heat losses was designed in combination in steel and plastic. Part of the distribution above DN 100 has been designed in preinsulated steel pipe and smaller dimensions under DN 100 were designed in preinsulated flexible plastic pipes. This combination of steel and plastic is called a hybrid system. After calculation heat loses in distribution for hot water, we compare new polypropylene pipes to preinsulated flexible plastic pipes. Final design was rated for preinsulated flexible plastic pipes. By modernizing the heat distribution, there will be a significant increase in the efficiency of heat energy distribution into sampling sites. By reducing heat looses to the surroundings, it can be saved in the production and transmission of the heat transfer substance. Due to the correct design for a particular project, we can reduce heat losses in heating networks by 26-46% compared to originally proposed steel pipes. Reducing heat losses in hot water distribution optimization would reduce by 23 to 43% of the original proposal that was designed in polypropylene. The new pipe distribution is provided by the desired parameters of the heat transfer substance for end users and contributes to the overall improvement in the operation of the heating network.