Abstract

The textile industry generates a significant amount of wastewater, including hazardous dyes, pigments, and heavy metals. The integrated approach of isolated bacterial strain and the bacterially synthesized ZnO nanoparticles was used in the removal of mixed azo dyes and Cr(VI) in a lab-scale bioreactor. It resulted in 77.19 % bromocresol purple (4th day), 50.11 % on bromocresol blue (3rd day), and 50.59 % bromocresol green (4th day) removal. Mixed azo dyes and Cr(VI) were removed using bacterial strain, which showed the maximum removal of Cr(VI) was 73.6 % at 25 ppm (3rd day) and mixed azo dyes removal was a maximum of 49.01 % at 75 ppm. A lab-scale reactor study using bacterial strain resulted in 45.89 % (5th day) of mixed azo dye and Cr(VI) removal. However, when the reactor was employed with synthetic wastewater and bacterially synthesized ZnO nanoparticles, achieved a maximum removal of 53.84 % at 120 min. Also, a phytotoxicity study on the Cicer arietinum plant with different concentrations of mixed azo dyes and chromium concentrations showed a maximum length of 5.5 cm at 100 ppm (3rd day). The bacterial strain and synthesized ZnO nanoparticles integrated technique providing an economically viable and scale-up solution for wastewater treatment techniques.

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