Effective power management and DC link voltage regulation in a WTG-PV-Battery-grid cogeneration scenario: simulation and experimental evaluation

Abstract

This paper implements the proportional–integral (PI) control in a grid-connected microgrid structure comprising a photovoltaic (PV) system, wind turbine generator (WTG), and a battery energy storage system (BESS) for DC link voltage regulation and power management under uncertain operating conditions. The investigations are conducted through simulation in MATLAB® and validated using OPAL-RT 5700® hardware-in-loop (HIL). The results obtained in power deficit and power surplus modes strongly establish the efficacy of the strategy not only in regulating DC link voltage but also in effecting power balance under unpredictable variations of solar irradiance, wind speed, the load, and sudden grid isolation. The uncertain operating conditions are followed very closely and cooperatively by different subsystems, by way of the control strategy, as can be seen in their power outputs, purposefully shown and described as such for clarity.