Effective Management of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment in a Patient with Severe Gingival Enlargement and Periodontal Bone Loss: A Case Report

Abstract

The immune-inflammatory response of periodontal tissue can be influenced by various systemic variables such as hormone disorders, hematologic diseases, nutrition, and medications. Inflammatory cytokines released by infected periodontal tissue are implicated in suppressing erythrocyte growth, differentiation, and erythropoiesis inhibition. We present a case of non-surgical periodontal treatment in a 31-year-old female patient with severe gingival enlargement associated with aggressive bone destruction combined with iron deficiency anemia (IDA). The periodontal treatment plan was achieved in collaboration with the hematologist, starting with oral hygiene instruction, scaling and root planning (SRP) by sextants with systemic antibiotic therapy combined with a chemical agent and low-level-laser-therapy (LLLT), and extraction of hopeless teeth. Effective non-surgical periodontal treatment with SRP and LLLT reduces inflammation and gingival enlargements and controls the recolonization of subgingival sites by periodontal pathogens as a crucial factor to proceed with periodontal surgery. Function, aesthetics, and the patient’s social communication are all improved.