Abstract
Transport in Hamiltonian systems, in the case of strong perturbation, can be modeled as a diffusion process, with the diffusion coefficient being constant and related to the maximal Lyapunov number (Konishi 1989). In this respect the relation found by Lecar et al. (1992) between the escape time of asteroids, TE, and the Lyapunov time, TL, can be easilly recovered (Varvoglis & Anastasiadis 1996). However, for moderate perturbations, chaotic trajectories may have a peculiar evolution, owing to stickiness effects or migration to adjacent stochastic regions. As a result, the function χ(t), which measures the exponential divergence of nearby trajectories, changes behaviour within different time intervals. Therefore, trajectories may be divided into segments, i = 1,..., n, each one being assigned an “Effective” Lyapunov Number (ELN), λi = χ(ti).
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