Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the physical, psychological, and brain development of the adolescent, establishing the need for treatment tailored to their unique developmental needs. It also defines the goals and phases of treatment, describes the continuum of care and contextualizes the body of effectiveness treatment research. The chapter reviews the evidence based literature on inpatient and outpatient settings including short-term detoxification, acute and long-term residential care, sober houses, therapeutic schools, day hospitals, intensive outpatient as well as outpatient approaches. Overall, studies indicate that treatment in youth has small to moderate effects. The chapter concludes with recommendations for what professionals and parents should look for in treatment programs for adolescent clients and discusses future research and policy recommendations.
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