Effective-field theory with the probability distribution technique for a spin-3/2 core and spin-2 shell Ising nanowire: Thermodynamic properties and hysteresis behaviors

Abstract

The probability distribution technique, exploited within the framework of effective field theory and the Ising model, was used to study the magnetic and thermal properties of a nanowire assimilated to a hexagonal shaped system of a core–shell structure and with mixed spins (3/2,2), respectively. The coupling between core and shell is ferrimagnetic. Under certain physical parameter values, the nanowire exhibits the compensation behavior. The hysteresis behavior was investigated in the presence of an external magnetic field by magnetizing and demagnetizing the nanowire, as well as the effects of single ion anisotropy, ferrimagnetic exchange interactions and temperature on hysteresis loops. The dependence of the shapes of loops on the physical parameters of the system has been elucidated. At low temperatures, the nanowire exhibits triple, quadruple, quintuple, sextuple, septuple and nonuple hysteresis loop behaviors, which have important technological applications. Furthermore, the thermodynamic properties of the nanowire was also studied by evaluating the susceptibility, the internal energy and specific heat for a variety of system physical parameters.