Effective and rational use of irrigation water in the conditions of the republic of Karakalpakstan

S Kurbanbaev,O Karimova,Rashid Baymuratov,Zakir Turlibaev,D Bazarov

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202126404023

S Kurbanbaev, O Karimova + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126404023

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Abstract

The lack of water that has been repeated in recent years dictates the requirements of a strict regime of water conservation and economical use of water. Understanding the need for strict water conservation and the fight against unproductive water losses must be started with the producers of agricultural products, i.e., from farms, as rational water use and water conservation at the field level could save a significant amount of irrigation water. The article reflects the current state of water use in irrigated agriculture in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. The main, inter-farm, and intra-farm canals have been studied in detail, and the mode and efficiency of their work have been assessed. The obtained results of the conducted field research works on irrigation technologies are presented. Suggestions on the choice of water-saving irrigation technologies are given, as well as recommendations on the effective use of irrigation water in the non-growing season.

Highlights

The low water level, which has been repeated in recent years, dictates the requirements of a strict regime of water conservation and economical use of water
Understanding the need for strict water conservation and the fight against unproductive water losses should be started with the producers of agricultural products, i.e., from farms, as rational water use and water conservation at the field level could save a significant amount of irrigation water [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
The analysis of long-term observations shows that, provided that the land is leached with load rates, very slow desalination of groundwater occurs, which leads to some improvement in the land reclamation state. This is not enough for a radical solution to the issue of land reclamation and increasing the productivity of agricultural crops; this means that this method leads to overconsumption of irrigation water and gives only a short-term effect

Summary

Introduction

The low water level, which has been repeated in recent years, dictates the requirements of a strict regime of water conservation and economical use of water. Understanding the need for strict water conservation and the fight against unproductive water losses should be started with the producers of agricultural products, i.e., from farms, as rational water use and water conservation at the field level could save a significant amount of irrigation water [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Most of the irrigated lands of the Republic of Karakalpakstan are main areas of primitive agriculture, especially on-farm irrigation and reclamation system and irrigated fields. Irrigated areas are scattered over a large area; the value of the land-use factor does not exceed 0.65 - 0.70. Irrigation systems, especially on-farm ones, have excessive length, tortuosity in the plan, and the value of efficiency does not exceed 0.65 - 0.66. The low efficiency of the collector-drainage system, in turn, leads to a rise in the level of highly mineralized groundwater and, to soil salinity, which leads to a decrease in crop yields [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]

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