Effect of ZrO2 addition on electrical and mechanical properties of B2O3–PbO–Li2O3 glasses

Abstract

In this work, the electrical and mechanical properties of 40B2O3+40PbO+ 20Li2O3+xZrO2 (where x = 0.0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.5 wt%) were experimentally investigated. The electrical and dielectric data were measured in the temperature range of 20–300 °C. Based on Makishima–Mackenzie's model, a total of dissociation energy (Gt) and the ionic packing density (Vt) for the investigated specimens were calculated. Then, the mechanical features, including Poisson's ratio and elastic moduli, were calculated. It was found that Vt decreased in the range of 0.3708–0.3051 m3 mol−1, while the Gt was enhanced in the range of 34.74 × 106 - 35.8803 × 106 kJ m−3 as the ZrO2 content increased. Young's modulus changed from 25.7637 to 21.8953 GPa. At the same time, the shear modulus was found to change from 11.4460 to 10.4782 GPa. The bulk modulus varied from 11.464 to 8.0167 GPa; the longitudinal modulus varied from 26.7255 to 21.9877 GPa. The values of Poisson's ratio were found to change from 0.1254 to 0.0448. The electrical results revealed that the addition of ZrO2 minimized the electrical conductivity in the temperature range of 20–300 °C; besides, it maximized the activation energy.