Abstract
The microstructure and room temperature magnetic properties for (Nd0.8Ce0.2)1.6Fe12Co2BZrx (x = 0-5) nanocomposite alloys prepared by melt-spinning method and subsequent thermal annealing have been investigated. Zr addition has proved to result in relevant improvements in the microstructure and magnetic properties. The enhanced coercivity Hcj of 6.02 kOe and maximum energy products (BH)max of 15.2 MGOe have been obtained at the optimum temperature Ta with the Zr content at x = 2 and x = 3, respectively. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) indicate that a small amount of Zr addition can refine the grain size and cause a uniform distribution of soft magnetic α-Fe phase. A first-order-reversal curve (FORC) analysis is performed for the Zr-free (x = 0) sample and the Zr-doped (x = 3) sample. The FORC diagrams suggest the Zr-doped sample with a higher maximum ρ of the major peak and the flat surface is responsible for the better magnetic performance. The results of Kronmüller plot show that nucleation model is the dominating mechanism for the magnetization reversal in the Zr-free and Zr-doped alloys and give the evidence for the increase in microstructural parameter αex resulting in a drastic increase of coercivity in the Zr-doped alloy.
Highlights
The use of expensive rare-earth element Nd increases the cost of the Nd2Fe14B-type permanent magnets, which is one of the critical problem that hinder the development of the Nd-Fe-B magnets.[4]
The scientific researchers pay a great interest in low cost permanent magnets by reducing the total rare-earth content or substituting Nd element by La or Ce.[5,6]
The effect of Zr doping on the magnetic properties and first-order-reversal curve (FORC) diagrams of (Nd0.8Ce0.2)1.6Fe12Co2B alloys were investigated
Summary
Nd2Fe14B permanent magnets are the most widely used type of rare earth permanent magnets due to their outstanding combination of magnetic properties.[1,2,3] the use of expensive rare-earth element Nd increases the cost of the Nd2Fe14B-type permanent magnets, which is one of the critical problem that hinder the development of the Nd-Fe-B magnets.[4]. Enhancing the Hcj and (BH)max of the (Nd0.8Ce0.2)1.6Fe12Co2B nanocomposite alloy with low rare-earth is very important for achieving high performance in Nd-Ce-Fe-Co-B magnets. As a feasible method for enhancing the coercivity and maximum energy product, doping Zr element has been frequently employed to refine the microstructure and modifying the phase formation process.[11,12,13,14] Liu et al.[11] suggested that a small amount of Zr can improve the coercivity, thermal stability and exchange coupling of nanocomposite Nd-Dy-Y-Fe-B alloys. Ni et al.[12] found that a certain amount Zr content could refine the microstructure and enhance the exchange coupling interaction in Ce-Fe-B alloys. Such study will be valuable to reduce the rare earth content and improve the magnetic properties, providing the possibility of industrial applications of this type magnet
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