Effect of yoga practicing on Ischemia modified albumin, lipid profile and antioxidant enzymes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the leading cause of death among non-communicable diseases. The cause for T2DM is multi-factorial and the consequence of hyperglycaemia are many like altered lipid profile, increased oxidative stress, increased amount of altered albumin in circulation i.e., ischemia modified albumin (IMA). All these alterations would lead to microvascular and macrovascular complications. Therefore treating T2DM with hypoglycaemic drugs and insulin alone is failing to achieve the long term glycaemic control. Hence there is need for supportive therapy like yoga. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of yoga practicing on IMA, lipid profile and antioxidant enzymes in T2DM patients on oral hypoglycaemic drugs (OHD). Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cohort study, conducted from June 2017 to October 2018. Two hundred T2DM patients were included in the study. In group I 100 T2DM patients on Metformin and Glimipride (500 mg BD + 2 mg OD, respectively) along with yoga practicing were included and in group II there were 100 T2DM patients of age and duration of T2DM ma tched with out practicing yoga. The levels of Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), Post prandial plasma glucose(PPPG), Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Ischemia modified albumin (IMA), Lipid profile (TC, Tg, LDL-C, VLDL-C, HDL-C), lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde levels) and activity of enzymatic antioxidants (Superoxide dismutase, catalase, Glutathione peroxidase) were measured in both groups. Glycemic profile (FPG, PPPG, HbA1C, IMA), Lipid profile and oxidative stress were comparable in patients of both groups. Patients on oral hypoglycemic drugs (OHD) and yoga practicing showed significantly lower ed levels of FPG, PPPG, HbA1C, IMA, TC, TG, LDL-C and MDA and significantly increased levels of HDL-C, SOD, Catalase and GPx in comparison with T2DM patients those who were only on OHD. Reduced Oxidative stress, decreased lipids profile and Glycemic con