Abstract
The pharmacokinetic study of Amikacin with interaction of W. somnifera was investigated after single administration of 10 mg/kg of Amikacin intravenously and 500 mg/kg of W. somnifera orally in six non-descript healthy buffalo calves. Estimation of concentration of Amikacin in plasma was carried out by microbiological assay technique (Agar gel diffusion technique) by using Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) as test organism. Following a single administration of 10 mg/kg of Amikacin intravenously and 500 mg/kg of W. somnifera orally in six non-descript healthy buffalo calves, plasma concentration of Amikacin, at 1 min of combined administration of these drugs were 17.05 ± 0.28 μg/ml. The effective therapeutic concentration of Amikacin (≥ 1.0 μg/ml) was maintained up to 24 h with mean value of 1.86 ± 0.038 μg/ml. The mean distribution half-life of phase 1 (t1/2 α1), phase 2 (t1/2 α2) and elimination half-life (t1/2 β) were calculated to be 0.060 ± 0.004, 3.99 ± 0.27 and 6.15 ± 0.21 h, respectively whereas the total body clearance (ClB) was ranged from 0.064 to 0.075 L/kg/h with a mean of 0.068 0.002 L/kg/h. A satisfactory intravenous dosage regimen of Amikacin in buffalo calves after combined administration would be 2.36 ± 0.095 mg/kg followed by 1.75 ± 0.10 mg/kg at 12 h interval supports the excellent clinical efficacy of Amikacin in buffalo calves.
Highlights
Synthetic antimicrobial drugs are often used for treating the diseases of the infectious origin in the human and animal clinical practices
Amikacin was administered at the dose rate of 10 mg/kg body weight by i.v. route and W. somnifera was administered at dose rate of 500 mg /kg body wt. orally in each of six healthy calves to investigate the effect of W. somnifera on the disposition kinetics of Amikacin in buffalo calves
Plasma concentrations at various time intervals following combined administration of Amikacin (10 mg/kg) intravenously and W. somnifera (500 mg/kg) orally in healthy calves have been shown in figure 1
Summary
Synthetic antimicrobial drugs are often used for treating the diseases of the infectious origin in the human and animal clinical practices. There are convincing evidences that inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents directly leads to the development of resistant organisms along with the undesired effects. According to World Health Organization (WHO) the microorganisms are becoming resistant to most of the antibiotics and by 2020 and antibiotics will lose their effectiveness and be no more in use to cure diseases in man and animals. The investigation in the aims of the determination of the pharmacokinetic interaction of synthetic antibacterial drug, Amikacin and potent herbal antimicrobial W. somnifera in healthy buffalo calves and to evaluate kinetic parameter and dosage regimen after single administration to achieve their beneficial effects
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