Effect of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) resistance, Fusarium graminearum DNA content, strain potential toxin production, and disease severity on deoxynivalenol content.

Abstract

Six wheat cultivars with varied resistance to Gibberella zeae (Anamorph, Fusarium graminearum Schwabe) were inoculated with six monoconidial strains of G. zeae to investigate the effect of wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight on deoxynivalenol (DON) contents. Samples were selected from grains from each plot, and heavily infected kernels and sound (uninfected) kernels prepared at 10% and 20% Fusarium-diseased kernels (FDK). The proportions of scabbed spikelets (PSS) in the field, total DON (containing DON, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol), and F. graminearum DNA (Tri5 DNA) in the samples were quantified in 2006 and 2007. PSS exhibited significant variability among the six wheat cultivars. Potential DON production also had significant differences among the six strains. DON toxin concentrations and F. graminearum DNA (Tri5 DNA) showed no significant differences among the six wheat cultivars following inoculation with similar F. graminearum strains at similar FDK levels and at similar disease severity after culture in similar conditions. DON content in grains of the tested wheat cultivars varied with inoculation strain and FDK level, but not with the resistance level of the cultivars to F. graminearum.