Effect of welding parameters on porosity distribution of dual laser beam bilateral synchronous welding in 2219 aluminum alloy T-joint

Abstract

The dual laser beam bilateral synchronous welding (DLBSW) for T-joint is limited to develop for the porosity defect in joint. In order to investigate the effect of porosity in T-joint, the DLBSW experiment of 2219 Aluminum Alloy T-joint is carried out. While, the distribution of porosity is scanned by X-ray non-destructive testing (NDT) and the size of porosity is measured by particle size analysis software Nano measurer 1.2. The morphology of pore in fracture and the elemental concentration around the pore are investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy spectrometer (EDS). Furthermore, the analysis results of porosity distribution show that the optimal parameter is 3700 W of laser power and 2.5 m/min of welding rate, under which the number of porosities reaches the minimum. The main factor, caused the fracture of weld seam, is the concentrated porosities in T-joint. In addition, technical porosity is mainly found in the center of the weld seam or at the bottom of the weld seam, and it can be eliminated by improving welding parameters. Metallurgical porosity mainly exists at the edge and the top of the weld seam, including hydrogen porosity and metal vapor porosity which formed by the burning of metal elements.