Abstract
The paper presents the results of investigation of changes in the composition of hydrocarbons and sulfur-containing compounds of an atmospheric residue in the course of cracking in the presence of a tungsten carbide–nickel–chromium (WC/Ni–Cr) catalytic additive and without it. The cracking is carried out in an autoclave at 500 °C for 30 min. The addition of the WC/Ni–Cr additive promotes the deepening of reactions of destruction not only of resins and asphaltenes, but also high molecular weight naphthene-aromatic compounds of the atmospheric residue. It is shown that the content of low molecular weight C9–C17 n-alkanes and C9–C10 alkylbenzenes rose sharply in the products of cracking with addition of WC/Ni–Cr in comparison with those produced without the additive. Alkyl- and naphthene-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons of benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene series, polyarenes, benzo- and dibenzothiophenes are identified.
Highlights
The main processes for heavy oil residues conversion used at the refineries are coking and hydroprocesses
We reported that the addition of WC/Ni–Cr contributes to the cracking of large hydrocarbon
A significant content of asphaltenes (10.5%) and coke (10.4%) in products of cracking without the use of the additive indicates that reactions of recombination of formed free radicals with condensed structure on the route hydrocarbons => resins => asphaltenes => coke prevail over destruction reactions (Dmitriev and Golovko 2010; Wang et al 2009)
Summary
The main processes for heavy oil residues conversion used at the refineries are coking and hydroprocesses. Vacuum distillates and residual fractions are characterized by a high content of resins and asphaltenes, heteroatomic compounds and metal-containing components (Yakubov et al 2016a, b, c). The development of methods for thermal destruction of resins and asphaltenes with simultaneous production of additional amounts of light fractions without using hydrogen will significantly advance the efficiency of Edited by Xiu-Qiu Peng. The aim of the work is to study the changes in the individual composition of hydrocarbons and sulfur-containing compounds of atmospheric residue cracking products in the presence of the WC/Ni–Cr additive and without it. The object of the study is the atmospheric residue obtained by distillation of commercial oil at the Novokuibyshevsk refinery.
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