Abstract
The adsorptive behavior and stability of malathion on Na-, Ca-, Cu-, Fe-, and Al-montmorillonite were investigated using both infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction techniques. At relative humidities exceeding 40%, malathion quickly penetrated the interlayer region of the montmorillonite and was adsorbed as a double layer, giving an expansion of 5.6 to 6.5D. The mechanism of adsorption was through a hydrogen bonding interaction between the carbonyl oxygen atoms and the hydration water shells of the saturating cations. In dehydrated systems, a direct ion-dipole interaction occurred between the carbonyl oxygen atoms and the saturating cations. The magnitude of both interactions increased with cationic valence. Changes in the hydration status of the clay system produced markedreversible alterations in the spectrum of adsorbed malathion that were attributed to orientation and interaction effects. No degradation of adsorbed malathion was observed in this study.
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