Abstract
Introduction: Water accounts for about 75% of brain mass. Cognitive performances and mood may be impaired by hypohydration and improved by water supplementation. Two surveys conducted in China demonstrated that a large proportion of adults and children drank less fluid than the amounts recommended by the Chinese Nutrition Society. The association between hypohydration and cognitive performance has not been reported in China. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of water supplementation on cognitive performances and mood among male college students in Cangzhou, China. Methods and Analysis: A randomized controlled trial is designed to test the hypothesis. A total of 68 male college students aged 18–25 years will be recruited and randomly assigned into water-supplementation group (WS group, n = 34) and no water-supplementation group (NW group, n = 34) after an overnight fasting, i.e., without eating foods and drinking fluid for 12 h. The first morning urine will be collected to determine urine osmolality on the water supplementation day. Cognitive performances and mood will be performed before water supplementation by researchers with questionnaire. Subjects in the WS group will drink 400 mL purified water within 5 min, while those in NW group will not drink any fluid. One hour later, urine will be collected and urine osmolality, cognitive performances and mood will be measured again. Mixed model of repeated measures ANOVA will be used to investigate the effect of water supplementation on cognitive performances. The study would provide information about the benefit of water supplementation on cognitive performances. Ethics and Dissemination: The study protocol is reviewed and approved by the Ethical Review Committee of the Chinese Nutrition Society. Ethical approval project identification code is CNS-2015-001. Results will be published according to the CONSORT statement and will be reported in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration: Chinese clinical trial registry. Identifier: ChiCTR-IOR-15007020. Registry name “The effect of hydration on cognitive performance”.
Highlights
Water accounts for about 75% of brain mass
It is indicated that hypohydration induced by deficiency of total body water [3] may impair cognitive performances and mood, water supplementation may improve cognitive performances and mood
In China, there are no studies about the effects of hypohydration state and water supplementation on cognitive performances
Summary
Water is the main component of human body and is crucial for human survival. Water has functions of participating in metabolism, modulating normal osmotic pressure and maintaining electrolyte balance [1]. Hypohydration state in free-living life was studied less, which need further studies Another important issue is whether water supplementation have beneficial effects of on cognitive performances. In another study of Edmonds et al, it was reported that water supplementation had effect on cognitive performances, no matter with either expectancies or mood [16,17,18]. In China, there are no studies about the effects of hypohydration state and water supplementation on cognitive performances. The objectives of this study are, firstly, to evaluate the effect of water supplementation on cognitive performances, secondly, to explore its effect on mood among college students, and to raise the awareness of keeping adequate hydration state and promote water-related education in China.Int. J.
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